Your Questions About Which Of These Is Exhibiting Kinetic Energy

George asks…
Need Some Chemistry questions answered/explained please?
1. Which is not true; when a liquid changes to gas molecules they
condense
are completely separated
have more freedom of movement
gain in kinetic energy
particles
2.Which of following exhibits ionic bonding?
H2
HCl
NaCl
Na
NONE
3. Random movement of gas molecules throughout a space is called
condensation
change of state
sublimation
diffusion
evaporation
4. as the pressure increaseses the density of a confined gas increases
true or false…i am thinking true
5 Boyle’s law states that the volume of a gas is indirectly proportional to the pressure of the gas.
true or false, i am thinking false
this is some homework questions I have to answer and cant seem to find the answer or even know how to at all. If you could also help me know how to do this not just give me the answer that would be great to THANK

Tom Trindell answers:
2. The ones that have ionic bonds are molecules in which the two elements have a high electronegitivity difference (greater than 4.0) You’ll need to use a chart for the values, but subtract the greater from the lesser to get the value.
3. Sublimation is when a solid evaporates into a gas (like dry ice). Condensation is the molecules forming into water, evaporation is molecules forming from water to gas.
4. More molecules are being shoved together in a lesser space. Everything is still there, it’s just in a smaller space.
5. I forget Boyle’s law, but I feel like it’s true. Higher pressure=higher density and smaller volume.
Hope it helps!

Ruth asks…
Need Help on Chemistry: Gases……please read.?
2 containers of volume 1 L, 298 K…one hols .10 mol of N2. and the other holds .10 mol of H2. the avg. KE of N2 is 6.2 x 10^-21 J. They exhibit ideal gas behavior.
How would i measure the average kinetic energy of molecules?
which has, N2 or H2 has the greater avg speed? Is it H2 because it is lighter?
And what change could be made that would decreas the avg. KE of the N2 molecules in the container?
lastly, if the volume of the container holding the H2 was decreased to .5 L at 298 K, what change would occur in 1. pressure 2. avg speed of the H2 molecules?
PLEASE help me on these…. I will pick a best answer! thanks.

Tom Trindell answers:
This is more of a physics question.
To find the average kinetic energy of molecules you need to know the following equations. Ek = 1/2mv^2 and Average Ek = 3/2kT.
We are given the average kinetic energy for N2 and we know since both gases are ideal and are in the same conditions, with same quantities, the average kinetic energy of H2 is the same.
We can now calculate the average speed of H2 and N2 molecules.
Do this using Ek = 1/2mv^2. The mass of 1 mol of H2 = 2g so the mass of one MOLECULE = 2/6.02 x 10^23 (Avogadro’s Number) = 3.32 x 10^-24g = 3.32 x 10^-27kg
v^2 = 2 Ek / m
= (2 x 6.2 x 10^-21)/ 3.32 x 10^-27
= 3 732 939
v of H2 = 1932.6 m/s
v of N2 :
m = 26g/6.02 x10^23
= 4.32 x 10^-23g
= 4.32 x 10^-26kg
v^2 = 2 Ek / m
= (2 x 6.2 x 10^-21)/ 4.32 x 10^-26
= 287 037
v of N2 = 535.8 m/s
These calculations show that the average velocity of H2 particles is faster because the average mass of the particles is smaller.
Any way to reduce temperature reduces average kinetic energy.
Finally, if the volume of container is decreased to 0.5L, the pressure will double. And the average speed will be greater.

Joseph asks…
Need Help on AP Chem.. Gases. please read.?
2 containers of volume 1 L, 298 K…one hols .10 mol of N2. and the other holds .10 mol of H2. the avg. KE of N2 is 6.2 x 10^-21 J. They exhibit ideal gas behavior.
How would i measure the average kinetic energy of molecules?
which has, N2 or H2 has the greater avg speed? Is it H2 because it is lighter?
And what change could be made that would decreas the avg. KE of the N2 molecules in the container?
lastly, if the volume of the container holding the H2 was decreased to .5 L at 298 K, what change would occur in 1. pressure 2. avg speed of the H2 molecules?
PLEASE help me on these…. I will pick a best answer! thanks.

Tom Trindell answers:
You can measure average kinetic energy using the formula
KE = 3/2 * k * T
where KE = kinetic energy
k = Boltzmann’s constant
T = temperature
Use that formula, but be careful with your units. I’m sure your textbook mentions this formula and Boltzmann’s constant (although maybe not in the same place). If not, you can always google Boltzmann’s constant..
Average speed is given by the formula
Avg speed = sqrt( 3 * R * T / M )
where R = molar constant
T = temperature
M = molar mass
R is a constant, and in the situation you described, T is the same for N2 and H2. Then if M2 is smaller, the average speed will be larger. So yes, you are exactly correct: H2 has a greater average speed because it is lighter (M is smaller for H2 than it is for N2).
If you wanted to increase the average KE of the N2 molecules, the only thing you can do is increase the temperature, since 3/2 and k are always constant. Increasing the temperature means you’re multiplying by a larger value of T (in the formula for average KE) which means you get a larger number.
Since these exhibit ideal gas behavior, they obey the law
PV = nRT
P = pressure
V = volume
n = # of moles
R = molar gas constant
T = temperature
For the H2 container, you’ve cut the volume in half but left the temperature constant. The molar gas constant R obviously doesn’t change, and neither does the number of moles. Thus, in our equation
PV = nRT
we’re told that V was cut in half, but nRT stayed the same. So then what we have is
P(V/2) = nRT
But because this PV=nRT law must always be obeyed, we know that the pressure must have doubled, so we have
2P * (V/2) = nRT
If you plug in the numbers to check it, it works out (i’m leaving off units here for the sake of brevity, but you should definitely work through this on your own as well, checking the units):
PV = nRT
P * 1 = 0.10 * 0.0821 * 298
P = 2.447
Now if we cut the volume in half:
P * 0.5 = 0.10 * 0.0821 * 298
P = 4.893
So we see the pressure has doubled.
As for average speed, nothing happens to it because R is a constant, the temperature T remained the same, and the molar mass M of course remained the same.
So pressure doubled and average speed remained the same.
Hope this helps.
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Your Questions About Which Of These Is A Character In The Canterbury Tales

Carol asks…
Which of these examples is ironic?
Which of the following is an example of irony associated with the Pardoner’s Tale?
-The men found what they were looking for
-The two men toasted the successful murder of their friend with a bottle of wine that the friend brought for them.
-Of all the characters in The Canterbury Tales who should listen to and learn from the tale, the one who needs it the most is the Pardoner.
-All of the above.

Tom Trindell answers:
The second example

Maria asks…
Stumped on the Canterbury Tales?
Hello… I am reading the Canterbury tales for an English class. I am trying to read the Pardoner’s tale right now bbut nothing seems to make sense to me! can anyone help me with these questions?
“The Pardoner’s Tale”
1.At the end of his tale, the Pardoner asks the host to be the first one to pay for relics from the Holy Land. What is ironic about the Pardoner asking this and how does the Host respond? (2 pts)
2.What does the rioters’ reaction to their discovery reveal about their outlook on life? (2 pts)
3.In this story, the narrator uses personification (a figure of speech in which human qualities are given to an object, animal, or idea) to describe which “character”? (1)
4.Review the description of the Pardoner in the Prologue and the historical information about Pardoners in the introduction material. In a paragraph, explain how this tale is fitting or not fitting for the Pardoner to tell. (4 pts)
5.Do you think the moral illustrated by the tale still has meaning today? Why or why not? (2 pts)
6. Irony is the contrast between expectation and reality. Irony can take several forms: verbal irony exists when a person says one thing while meaning another; situational irony exists when the outcome of a situation is the opposite of what someone expected; dramatic irony occurs when the audience or reader knows something that the characters do not know. In a short paragraph explain 3 examples of irony that are found in the story. Be specific and support your claims with textual examples. (9 pts)

Tom Trindell answers:
Check out sparknotes.com it really helped me through Literature class.

Mandy asks…
How can I become the Reeve from Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales?
For my English class, we were assigned a project in which we become a character in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. I was assigned the Reeve, which is an estate manager. This project has two parts, and I am stumped on both and I am looking for some creative inspiration as help:
1) The first part of the project is to assume the character‘s identity. So, how can I dress up as the reeve (clothing, any props, etc)? What would be his personality?
2) Based off of my character‘s identity, I have to choose a current event and create a tale or fable based on the event. Since the Reeve is an estate manager, I was thinking about doing the housing market’s crisis, but I have no idea how I could make it into an interesting tale. Ideas would be great.
Thanks for your help and answers are appreciated!
Sorry, I forgot to include that this is based strictly off of the Prologue, not the entire book.
Thanks!

Tom Trindell answers:
Have you actually read the Reeve’s Tale from the Canterbury Tales? It’s pretty racy (though not nearly as raunchy as the Miller’s Tale), and you can get an idea about the personality Chaucer gave this character. I don’t know how much of that you will be able to get away with on your class project, however. Still, if you haven’t already, give it a read. It is quite enjoyable.
On a purely facetious note: just be glad you were not asked to become Absalon or Nicholas the Spark from the Miller’s Tale!
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Your Questions About Which Of These Is A Character In The Canterbury Tales

Charles asks…
Which of these is true of the opening lines of the Canterbury Tales?
Which of the following is true of the opening lines of the Canterbury Tales?
The lines create a setting for later conflict between the major characters in the story.
The lines foreshadow coming stories by dropping hints of what will come.
The lines are not much more than a rough translation into English of the opening lines of Bocaccio’s Decameron.
The lines suggest that the regenerative powers of the sun and the rebirth of spring are a fitting setting for a pilgrimage.
The lines closely follow the Latin tradition of using a bucolic setting to introduce a satiric writing, or satura. Chaucer uses the form of satura to make a subtle attack on corrupt members of the church, following the ideals of the Roman poet Horace, who said, “Satura tota nostre est!”

Tom Trindell answers:
The opening lines “suggest that the regenerative powers of the sun and the rebirth of spring are a fitting setting for a pilgrimage”.
In translation:
When April with his showers sweet with fruit
The drought of March has pierced unto the root
And bathed each vein with liquor that has power
To generate therein and sire the flower;
When Zephyr also has, with his sweet breath,
Quickened again, in every holt and heath,
The tender shoots and buds, and the young sun
Into the Ram one half his course has run,
And many little birds make melody
That sleep through all the night with open eye
(So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)-
Then do folk long to go on pilgrimage,
And palmers to go seeking out strange strands,
To distant shrines well known in sundry lands.
And specially from every shire’s end
Of England they to Canterbury wend,
The holy blessed martyr there to seek
Who helped them when they lay so ill and weal.

Michael asks…
What modern day person that is known by almost anyone can be compared to a character of the Canterbury Tales?
I have a project which is due in 2 days, and I have no idea who to do it on. The guideline says:
“Choose any pilgrim from the Canterbury Tales. Choose one who has similarities to a modern person.
Focus on:
1. Explaining the pilgrim’s stereotype.
2. Comparing the stereotype to a modern one.
3. Deciding how understanding the stereotype defines the morals of our society.
4. Have the morals changed over time?”
I’m pretty much set to go, I just need a modern person to compare one of the pilgrims to. This modern person can’t be anyone, either. It has to be someone known by everyone.. Or someone everyone has heard of. For example, the president, Dick Chaney, Donald Trump, an actor/actresses, ect.
Can someone please help?

Tom Trindell answers:
If you don’t know the characters, start up here and see which one grabs you as having a contemporary counter-part.
Http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/canterbury/characters.html

Susan asks…
Canterbury Tales Fashion Show help character descriptions?
I need help i dont understand this character can u plz help me. the character is the doctor in the story and help me answer some questions about that character thnx.
Character: Doctor
Questions:
Complete view of the pilgrim, what the pilgrim’s personality is like, what he/she looks like, what possessions or accessories he/she carries.
What are the pilgrim’s facial features?
What type of clothes does the pilgrim wear?
What food does the pilgrim eat?
What type of work does the pilgrim do? (which is doctor my charact.)
How does the pilgrim contrast with the typical image of his/her position?
Note significance of things Chaucer does not tell his audience.
This is the description of the doctor: copied from the line of our character in the story
A Doctor too emerged as we proceeded;
Progress reading.strategy
No one alive could talk as well as he did
On points of medicine and of surgery,
For, being grounded in astronomy,
He watched his patient’s favorable star
And, by his Natural Magic, knew what are
The lucky hours and planetary degrees
For making charms and magic effigies.
The cause of every malady you’d got
He knew, and whether dry, cold, moist or hot;
He knew their seat, their humor and condition.
He was a perfect practicing physician.
These causes being known for what they were,
He gave the man his medicine then and there.
All his apothecaries in a tribe
Were ready with the drugs he would prescribe,
And each made money from the other’s guile;
They had been friendly for a goodish while.
He was well-versed in Aesculapius too
And what Hippocrates and Rufus knew
And Dioscorides, now dead and gone,
Galen and Rhazes, Hali, Serapion,
Averroes, Avicenna, Constantine,
Scotch Bernard, John of Gaddesden, Gilbertine.
In his own diet he observed some measure;
There were no superfluities for pleasure,
Only digestives, nutritives and such.
He did not read the Bible very much.
In blood-red garments, slashed with bluish-gray
And lined with taffeta, he rode his way;
Yet he was rather close as to expenses
And kept the gold he won in pestilences.
Gold stimulates the heart, or so we’re told.
He therefore had a special love of gold.
Plz help me. i need to write a description or page about my character bcuz my partner need to act it and we both dont get what it is saying so plz help us. plz. and ill edit it to to make a page to read about my character and act what is said here about him.
The model description includes physical characteristics, as well as info about the type of person the pilgrim is and what the person does. it should capture any subtle irony suggested by Chaucer.
Dont know who that is. We havent read story yet but she is telling us to just read our character and discuss it. plz help. i dont understand.

Tom Trindell answers:
What kind of garments does the Doctor wear? What
do lines 452-454 suggest?
He is a man who greedily loved gold. Seriously, he had no idea what he was doing. He knew all the medical authorities by heart but didn’t know the bible. He ripped people off during the black plague and made lots of money but he didn’t spend. He prescribed gold for cures and loved gold very much.
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Your Questions About Which Of These Is Exhibiting Kinetic Energy

Richard asks…
Which of these is exhibiting kinetic energy?
the high-energy phosphate bonds of a molecule of ATP
a person sitting on a couch while watching TV
a rock on a mountain ledge
an archer with a flexed bow
a space station orbiting Earth

Tom Trindell answers:
The space station! None of the other objects are moving so they don’t have kinetic energy.

John asks…
In which state of matter are the particles close together but with no regular arrangement? ?
Question 1
In which state of matter are the particles close together but with no regular arrangement?
a)solid
b)liquid
c)gas
Question 2
All states of matter possess some degree of motion (kinetic energy). Which state of matter allows for the least range of motion?
a)solid
b)liquid
c)gas
Question 3
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a solid?
a)It is not free-flowing.
b)It can change its volume and shape.
c)It is not easily compressible.
d)It expands when heated.
Question 4
Which physical state of matter exhibits the greatest change in volume (the amount space the atoms take up when the substance changes state)?
a)solid
b)liquid
c)gas
Question 5
Which state of matter has vibrational motion only?
a)solid
b)liquid
c)gas
Question 6
Which is a characteristic of a gas?
a)Particles can’t move past one another, spreading out to take the shape of the container.
b)There is little free space between particles, which allows compression.
c)Particles can move past one another, spreading out to take the shape of the container.
Question 7
Which explanation below would you use to explain why solids have definite shape.
a)In solids, particles have lots of space, and have free range of motion. This freedom freely provides solids with a definite shape.
b)In solids, particles are organized and can move past one another, providing it the freedom to have definite shape.
c)In solids, particles have little space, are held together rigidly, resulting in a rigid shape.
Question 8
The particles of a solid:
a)are bound in a regular array and do not move.
b)vibrate back and forth but do not move past immediate neighbors.
c)float freely in the inside but do not move on the surface.
Question 9
Identify and explain the different properties of a gas.
Question 10
A gas is compressible because there is little free space between the particles.
True
False

Tom Trindell answers:
The answers they are looking for (and not strictly true) are:
1 b)
2 a)
3 b)
4 c)
5 a)
6 c)
7 c)
8 b)

Daniel asks…
What forms of energy are present in a bouncing ball?
Is kinetic, heat, and chemical the forms of energy present in the simulated silicon in the article? I’m having trouble understanding which energy forms they’re talking about.
They talk about the speed changing the properties of the ball, making it stop rebounding off the surface, and adhere to the surface instead.
____________________________________________________
If Traveling Very Fast, the Very Small Just Stick: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/02/science/02obsbounce.html?partner=rssnyt&emc=rss
— In the everyday world, the harder you throw something like a basketball against the floor, the higher it will bounce.
In the world of the very, very small, things bounce differently.
Traian Dumitrica, a professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Minnesota, and Mayur Suri, a graduate student, ran computer simulations to precisely calculate the bouncing behavior of a sphere a few billionths of a meter in diameter consisting of about 30,000 silicon atoms.
For speeds up to 2,700 miles per hour, the silicon nanosphere exhibited basketball-like behavior — the faster it hit the surface, the greater the rebound velocity.
But then, at slighter higher velocities, the rebound velocity suddenly dropped, and at 3,300 m.p.h., the simulated nanoball didn’t bounce at all. It stuck to the surface.
The reason is that the pressure of impact rearranged the chemical bonds of some of the silicon atoms, which then went through a second transition during the bounce.
The additional chemical bonds and generation of heat dissipated the kinetic energy, slowing the bounce. At high enough velocities, so much of the kinetic energy was dissipated that the adhesive forces of the surface caught the nanoball.
The findings appear in the August issue of Physical Review B. Other scientists have already used this phenomenon to avoid splattering when applying coatings of nanoparticle.

Tom Trindell answers:
Well, based on my limited understanding of science, I’ll take a swing on this one. I know the ball has kinetic energy because it is in motion after being acted upon by an unbalanced force, which is whatever propelled the ball in the first place. Second, on making impact, there is some transfer of heat energy at such a high velocity because of the brief moment of friction as the two surfaces contact each other. I don’t remember learning about chemical energy, but it makes sense that it plays a part in changing the elemental state of the ball as it connects with the surface at the highest speed, spreading out and adhering to the surface, at least acting like a viscous solid if not a thick liquid. Hope this helped!
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Your Questions About Which Of These Is Rich In Unsaturated Fats

William asks…
Should I cook saturated fats and eat unsaturated fats raw?
I was doing the usual nutritional research for my diet. I should mention I’m mostly interested in getting into shape, so concerns of what kinds of fat I’m consuming are not my highest priority, other than the not really difficult stay away from trans fats. (Though as I understand it, they think trans fats may contribute to obesity, and they even have a reasonably good idea of why that is. They just don’t have anything especially conclusive.) Really taking an interest in the kinds of fats I eat and their role in heart disease and such is more of a “why not?” sort of thing.
Nonetheless I was checking up on the different kinds of fats getting the usual saturated fats O.K, unsaturated fats better, trans fats very bad stuff, when I found a site. (I really can’t provide a link largely because I don’t even remembler how I found it in the first place.) This site said you should use your saturated fats for cooking, and keep your unsaturated fats raw. It didn’t say why. It could be that was for entirely culinary reasons, smoke points and such. But given the context, I thought maybe not.
The following mind you is wild speculation, which I’m actually hoping that maybe you can either just shoot down as erroneous right now, or maybe tell me if it is right. But, I figure saturated fats tend to break down a bit when they get the heat, which tends to unsaturate them, and -maybe- actually make them healthier. In the meantime unsaturated fats tend to hydrogenate when heated which tends to produce trans fats. Now still more hypothetically one can imagine that progression going all the way from saturated fats to trans fats. But, I figure to produce a siginificant amount of trans fats, when your starting fats are saturated, you’d have to cook your particular food item practically down to charcoal.
Of course one could counter-argue that hydrogenation occurs in a hydrogen rich environment, and one could expect saturated fats shedding their hydrogens to be a very hydrogen rich environment. I don’t know. It’s not like unsaturated fats wouldn’t also produce a hydrogen rich environment. This is mostly an issue of hydrogen migration, I guess. Even if it’s just hydrogen migrating from one side of a fatty acid chain to the other.

Tom Trindell answers:
Saturated fats are saturated whether you cook them or not. Since saturated fats come from animal’s, cooked meat holds cooked saturated fats. Cooking with butter instead of margarine–another saturated fat.
Most fats in our diet are used in cooking, an addition to a protein source (meat or milk) or as a condiment for our food (butter, mayo, salad dressing…). We don’t eat many fat sources alone–the only ones I think think of might be nuts and avocados. In cooking and baking, we can choose what type of fat we use. For example, margarine instead of Crisco (a trans fat) or olive oil instead of butter in a stir fry. Those are both ways to substitute unsaturated fats for saturated, but they are heated while cooking. It doesn’t change their internal bonding form.
Cooked or uncooked, fats aren’t going to change how the body breaks each one down. The molecule is just not going to change like that. One of two bonds just will not break do to heat nor will another bond grow out of one if a unsaturated fat is heated.
Edit: also a huge amount of research has gone into the study of fats. Yes, through hydrogenation trans fats can be created, there is no way that can happen in our own kitchen…hydrogen bonds would have to first be broken to migrate for one.

Lisa asks…
I have a serious Biology question?
Which of these is rich in unsaturated fats?
beef fat
butter
a fat that is solid at room temperature
lard
olive oil

Tom Trindell answers:
Olive oil

Daniel asks…
Are You Aware Of “The Increase In Saturated Fat” That NEVER WAS!?
This is a small excerpt directly from Anthony Colpo “The Great Cholesterol Con”
The Increase In Saturated Fat That Never Was
Even after adjusting data for increased life expectancy, a substantial increase in coronary and overall heart disease mortality is still evident during the first half of the last century. Is this increase in any way due to an increase in saturated fat consumption?
Abslotluely not.
Take a good look at Figure 1c , which shows the consumption of various fats during the last century. Beginning in the 1920′s total fat consumption increased steadily, due entirely to the accerlating use of vegetable oils, shortenings , and margarines. The increasing popularity of these unsaturated fat – rich vegetable fats also explains the rise in polyunsaturated fat intake and monounsaturated fat intake.

Tom Trindell answers:
I ignore the writings of crackpot pseudoscientists.
If Colpo said that the world was flat, would you believe him?
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